Fissure

Chronic Anal Fissure

A chronic anal fissure is a small tear in the lining of the anus that persists for more than six weeks. It often causes pain, bleeding, and discomfort during bowel movements. Unlike acute fissures, chronic fissures may develop a sentinel pile (skin tag) and expose the underlying muscle. Common causes include constipation, straining, and inflammatory conditions. Treatment options range from dietary changes, stool softeners, and topical medications (like nitroglycerin or calcium channel blockers) to medical procedures such as Botox injections or lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) in severe cases. Maintaining proper hydration, fiber intake, and good anal hygiene can help prevent recurrence. If symptoms persist, consulting a doctor is crucial for proper management and relief.